參考文獻: `1` (德)馬克思.《資本論》(第1卷),北京:中國社會科學出版社,1983,第340頁。 `2`任多倫.《論中國哲學思想在企業(yè)管理中的應用》博士學位論文,清華大學:2010,第140頁。 `3` (美)彼得•德魯克.《企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略與企業(yè)目標》,彼得•德魯克管理學院,2005,p68。Productivity Is the First Test of Management’s Competence. How well are resources utilized and how much do they yield? Without productivity objectives, a business does not have direction or control. Productivity measurements are the best measure for comparing managements of different units with an enterprise, and for comparing managements of different businesses. The first measurement of this crucial factor is productivity that is, the degree to which resources are utilized and their yield. The continual improvement of productivity is one of management’s most important jobs. `4`那國毅.《經理人與組織(案例)》,彼得•德魯克管理學院,2006,第28頁。 `5`這也是減少培訓和職業(yè)實習費用的支出。西方工業(yè)化國家的很多技術工人也是世代相傳,如德國、日本等,他們的國家很多年輕人高中畢業(yè)就去職業(yè)技術學校從事技術學習和實踐,所以他們生產的產品技術含量高、質量一流,在全球化的市場上具有強大的競爭力。 `6`章梫.《康熙政要》,北京:中共中央黨校出版杜,1994,第375頁。